The overall objective of our research is to better understand how both normal and diseased hearts generate electrical signals and how these signals modulate contraction. Such knowledge provides a basis for more effective treatment of arrhythmias and other disease states that affect ion movements across heart cell membranes. Our multidisciplinary team of investigators includes physicians, bioengineers, physiologists, biochemists, and computational modelers who approach these goals from the molecular, cellular and whole heart levels.